---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A10 Title: Collective emission of atoms in high-intensity pulses of an x-ray free electron laser DESY group: FS-TUXS (Theoretical Ultrafast X-ray Science) Type: Remote project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The ultrashort high-intensity pulses from x-ray free-electron lasers can drive the matter in novel states. In our group, we investigate the x-ray self-amplifying state that transiently appears after massive inner-shell photoionization. In these conditions, spontaneously emitted x-ray fluorescence develops into collective emission resulting in short and intense x-ray bursts -- that can be used as a spectroscopic tool or as an x-ray source with unique properties. Theoretical description of this process is challenging -- it requires quantum-mechanical treating of the initial stage, dealing with the macroscopic amount of emitters, and accounting for field propagation effects. Within the summer student programme, we propose to start with theoretical modeling of collective emission from few (two-level) atoms -- a solvable case where one can obtain insights into the collective emission process. As a next step, ways to generalize to the macroscopic amount of atoms can be considered and crossover to continuous description can be studied. The results of the project may help in understanding the role of a local arrangement of atoms on collective x-ray emission properties, and could be investigated further jointly. We expect from the candidates the knowledge of quantum mechanics (quantum optics) and basic skills in numerical modeling (e.g., in Python). Special Qualifications expected: Theoretical background and basic knowledge of quantum mechanics are required. Skills in numerical modeling would be beneficial for the project. Link to further information: https://tuxs.desy.de/careers/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A11 Title: Structure and dynamics of biomimetic lipid membranes: A new hydration chamber for lipid membranes - calibration and proof of principle DESY group: FS-PETRA-D (PETRA Diffraction and Scattering) Type: On-site project Duration: 19th july - 29th august 2021 Description: The project belongs to the field of surfaces and interfaces in soft matter, with a focus on the structure and dynamics of biomimetic lipid membranes. This project extends over six-weeks, including both hands-on and data analysis experimental work. Preferentially, it shall be conducted on site at Hamburg DESY campus. The student will join into our efforts to develop a hydration chamber for oriented lipid membranes for X-ray experiments. Specifically, the chamber will be calibrated and tested in an initial swelling experiment with a laboratory X-ray diffractometer. In parallel, the student will be trained in data analysis by working on datasets from a previous X-ray experiment such as to get familiar with the structural studies on lipid systems. Eventually, the student will join an X-ray experiment at beamline P08 using the new chamber and analyze the obtained data. The student will be co-supervised by Dr. Shen from DESY and Prof. Klösgen from the University of Southern Denmark. Special Qualifications expected: - bachelor of sciences in physics; - previous participation in X-ray experiment advantageous, but not demanded Link to further information: https://www.desy.de/f/students/2021/projects/A11.pdf Cancellation Policy: This project may be cancelled any time due to CoViD pandemic restrictions. It can not be transformed into an online project. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A12 Title: Multi-particle analysis of ultrafast molecular photoreactions DESY group: FS-ATTO (Attosecond Science) Type: Remote project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: In the attosecond science and technology group at CFEL (https://atto.cfel.de), we generate ultrashort laser pulses with attosecond (1 fs = 10^−18 s) or few-femtosecond (1 fs = 10^−15 s) duration. We use them to trigger photoreactions in molecules (often biologically relevant ones) and to follow in real-time how the atoms and electrons move and interact. With our research we aim at understanding and potentially manipulating ultrafast processes and, ultimately, the early steps of photochemistry. We can host up to two students, who will learn (via online meetings) about experimental methods in ultrafast laser and molecular science, as well as the scientific motivations and challenges driving this research field. After training, the students will write programs/scripts to analyse existing experimental data and discus with us to refine the conclusions and follow up ideas. This includes combined photoion & photoelectron data that give information about ultrafast dynamics in molecules from experiments with infrared, ultraviolet and/or extreme ultraviolet photons. We are currently building a soft x-ray beamline and hope to be able to let the students follow this process and analyse the first spectra. Special Qualifications expected: Programming experience helpful, but not required Link to further information: https://www.desy.de/f/students/2021/projects/A12.pdf ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A.13 Title: Multi-particle analysis of ultrafast molecular photoreactions DESY group: FS-ATTO (Attosecond Science) Type: Remote project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: In the attosecond science and technology group at CFEL (https://atto.cfel.de), we generate ultrashort laser pulses with attosecond (1 fs = 10^−18 s) or few-femtosecond (1 fs = 10^−15 s) duration. We use them to trigger photoreactions in molecules (often biologically relevant ones) and to follow in real-time how the atoms and electrons move and interact. With our research we aim at understanding and potentially manipulating ultrafast processes and, ultimately, the early steps of photochemistry. We can host up to two students, who will learn (via online meetings) about experimental methods in ultrafast laser and molecular science, as well as the scientific motivations and challenges driving this research field. After training, the students will write programs/scripts to analyse existing experimental data and discus with us to refine the conclusions and follow up ideas. This includes combined photoion & photoelectron data that give information about ultrafast dynamics in molecules from experiments with infrared, ultraviolet and/or extreme ultraviolet photons. We are currently building a soft x-ray beamline and hope to be able to let the students follow this process and analyse the first spectra. Special Qualifications expected: Programming experience helpful, but not required Link to further information: pdf file supplied ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A1r Title: Machine Learning for Photon Science Data reduction DESY group: FS-DS (Photon Science Detector Group) Type: Tandem project (remote part) Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: With the development of our next generation multi-mega pixel detectors for synchrotron and Free-Electron Laser experiments, we will be generating multi terabits/sec of data. This means we cannot use the classical approach of first storing the data, for later offline processing. Therefore, we have started a large project in our detector group, for investigating optimal strategies for online data processing and reduction. A special emphasis is to investigate the usefulness of machine learning techniques in this respect. You will be working in a team of hardware, software and firmware specialists inside the detector development group. Using real data obtained from previous experiments at the European XFEL, and a variety of hardware platforms including: CPU-, GPU-, and FPGA-farms. Special Qualifications expected: Strong programming skills and interest (C++, Python, etc.). First experience with machine learning concepts. Physics, electrical engineering or computing background. Link to further information: https://photon-science.desy.de/research/technical_groups/detectors/index_eng.html Cancellation Policy: If due to the Covid-19 pandemic no student can be onsite, we will organise the project with two offsite students. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A1s Title: Machine Learning for Photon Science Data reduction DESY group: FS-DS (Photon Science Detector Group) Type: Tandem project (On-site part) Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: With the development of our next generation multi-mega pixel detectors for synchrotron and Free-Electron Laser experiments, we will be generating multi terabits/sec of data. This means we cannot use the classical approach of first storing the data, for later offline processing. Therefore, we have started a large project in our detector group, for investigating optimal strategies for online data processing and reduction. A special emphasis is to investigate the usefulness of machine learning techniques in this respect. You will be working in a team of hardware, software and firmware specialists inside the detector development group. Using real data obtained from previous experiments at the European XFEL, and a variety of hardware platforms including: CPU-, GPU-, and FPGA-farms. Special Qualifications expected: Strong programming skills and interest (C++, Python, etc.). First experience with machine learning concepts. Physics, electrical engineering or computing background. Link to further information: https://photon-science.desy.de/research/technical_groups/detectors/index_eng.html Cancellation Policy: If due to the Covid-19 pandemic no student can be onsite, we will organise the project with two offsite students. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A.1 Title: Machine Learning for Photon Science Data reduction DESY group: FS-DS (Photon Science Detector Group) Type: Tandem project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: With the development of our next generation multi-mega pixel detectors for synchrotron and Free-Electron Laser experiments, we will be generating multi terabits/sec of data. This means we cannot use the classical approach of first storing the data, for later offline processing. Therefore, we have started a large project in our detector group, for investigating optimal strategies for online data processing and reduction. A special emphasis is to investigate the usefulness of machine learning techniques in this respect. You will be working in a team of hardware, software and firmware specialists inside the detector development group. Using real data obtained from previous experiments at the European XFEL, and a variety of hardware platforms including: CPU-, GPU-, and FPGA-farms. Ideally one student should be onsite, and a second student could be offsite. If due to the Covid-19 pandemic no student can be onsite, we will organise the project with two offsite students. Special Qualifications expected: Strong programming skills and interest (C++, Python, etc.). First experience with machine learning concepts. Physics, electrical engineering or computing background. Link to further information: https://photon-science.desy.de/research/technical_groups/detectors/index_eng.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A2 Title: Processing serial crystallography data measured at FELs and synchrotrons DESY group: FS-CFEL-1 (Coherent Imaging Group) Type: Remote project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: Our group (group leader H.N.Chapman) is one of the inventors of Serial Crystallography (SX) – the method when many protein crystals are measured in random orientations to get the full 3D structure of the protein. This technique was developed for Free Electron Lasers (FELs) but now is becoming a standard technique used at modern synchrotrons. Having a lot of experience and expertise in SX our group is involved in many experiments at the most advanced x-ray sources in the world (LCLS, eXFEL, Petra3, APS, ESRF). Each experiment produces 50-1000Tb of data and we are involved in 1-3 experiments per month. Therefore we have a lot of interesting data to process. And the result of such experiment is usually published in a high impact factor journal. The summer student has a chance to participate in some experiments (most probably remotely) – depending on the schedule of the beamtimes during summer. If the student likes the data processing activity, the scientific collaboration can be extended outside the time frame of the summer school and become more permanent. Special Qualifications expected: Some knowledge in protein crystallography, python and using Linux will be useful. Link to further information: https://cid.cfel.de/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A3 Title: Serial protein crystallography using non-monochromatic x-ray beam and electrons DESY group: FS-CFEL-1 (Coherent Imaging Group) Type: Remote project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: Our group (group leader H.N.Chapman) is developing methods of using non-monochromatic (“pink”) x-ray beam and electron beam to study protein crystals. Mostly we are doing it for Serial Crystallography (SX) – the method when many protein crystals are measured in random orientations to get the full 3D structure of the protein. Usage of “pink” beam allows to study fast dynamics (down to 100ps) while electron diffraction can be performed in the lab, without the need to access synchrotrons. Our group is developing algorithms for processing both “pink” and electron diffraction data measured during SX experiments. We have already collected a lot of data at the most advances sources in the world (for pink beam at APS and ESRF and for electrons at SLAC and DESY) and in the recent future we plan to perform more experiments. Each experiment produces up to 100Tb of diffraction frames, so we have a lot of interesting data to process. And the result of such experiment is usually published in a high impact factor journal. The summer student has a chance to participate in some experiments (most probably remotely) – depending on the schedule of the beamtimes during summer. Also the student is encouraged to contribute in the software development. If the student likes the activity, the scientific collaboration can be extended outside the time frame of the summer school and become more permanent. Special Qualifications expected: Some knowledge in protein crystallography, python and using Linux will be useful. Link to further information: https://cid.cfel.de/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A4 Title: Studying the influence of various solvents on the surface structure and roughness of thin CNF layers DESY group: FS-PETRA-D (PETRA Diffraction and Scattering) Type: On-site project Duration: 19.7.-30.8.21 (6 weeks) Description: Cellulose is a sustainable material with many beneficial properties which make it a suitable candidate as carrier material in multilayered systems. Part of our work is to functionalize thin films of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) with various materials dispersed in different solvents via spray deposition. Therefore, it is necessary to study the influence of these solvents on the surface structure and roughness of the CNF layers. In the first step of this project, multiple CNF layers of different thicknesses shall be prepared using spray deposition. The best spray parameters for various solvents shall be investigated. In the second step, the fabricated CNF layers shall be sprayed with the solvents and possible changes in the structure and roughness of the CNF layers shall be analyzed using AFM. Finally, the most promising samples shall be prepared ex situ to analyze their surface structure with GISAXS. Special Qualifications expected: BSc in physics or chemistry or nanoscience, used to handling chemicals; basic knowledge of atomic force microscopy and Xray scattering techniques Link to further information: desy.de/~sroth Cancellation Policy: As the project requires hands-on activities, it can only be done on-site and will therefore be canceled, if on-site participation won't be possible. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A5 Title: Model-based analysis of interface evolution during spray coating DESY group: FS-PETRA-D (PETRA Diffraction and Scattering) Type: Remote project Duration: 19.7.-10.9. (full timeframe) Description: In modern thin film technology, spray coating plays a crucial role in fabricating flexible electronics and photovoltaics. The complex interface and multilayer structure are deduced by surface-sensitive scattering methods. Spray coating was applied to create functional layers, from novel latex colloids to complex biomaterials templates. There is a strong need to go beyond a one-dimensional analysis and to investigate the use of simulation-based analysis. The real-space structure is modeled (size and distribution of the nanostructures in three dimensions), the scattering pattern is calculated and compared to the experimental data. Hence, the goal of this project is to simulate the scattering pattern based on established algorithms and based on our results recently obtained. The project includes image analysis, machine learning, supercomputing, as well as establishing reliable and feedback fitting routines. The simulations will be compared to previously acquired data. Ultimately, the project participates in establishing a digital twin of the real experiments. Special Qualifications expected: BSc in Physics or Chemistry, basic programming skills would be beneficial (but not mandatory) Link to further information: desy.de/~sroth -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A6 Title: Switching behaviour in MoS2-based memristors DESY group: FS-PETRA-D (PETRA Diffraction and Scattering) Type: On-site Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: This summer student work will be dealing with a study of a memristor's resistive states at various ambient humidity using grazing incident wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). The memristor is an electrical element that resistive state depends on the passed charged. These elements can be used as a new type of data storage device or an active element for neuromorphic computation. Ag/2D-MoS2/Ag structure as a memristor with the resistance ratio between on and off state higher than 10^6 and set voltage lower than 0.2V will be prepared on the surface of anodic alumina membrane by spin-coating technique. An in-situ experiment on the memristor active layer based on MoS2 nanosheets during the memristor switching between resistance stages will be provided for the memristor switching mechanism determination at the different humidity atmosphere in the humidity cell. A Schottky barrier screening by vacancies or dissolving Ag+ ions associated with conductive filament formation will be considered as two possible switching mechanisms. Both increases in the scattering contrast and the interlayer distance between MoS2 nanosheets due to the intercalation of Ag+ ions are expected to be revealed with the experiment of the synchrotron radiation in GIWAXS geometry. The memristor switching mechanism determination will allow suggesting a new way to create memristors with outstanding characteristics. Special Qualifications expected: Experience in operation with electrochemical setups and impedance spectroscopy Experience in thin films deposition (with casting or coating techniques) and characterization Cancellation Policy: If due to the CoViD-19 pandemic the student can not be on-site, the project will be converted to a remote project. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A7 Title: Operando study of the interlayer distance in 2D-membranes DESY group: FS-PETRA-D (PETRA Diffraction and Scattering) Type: On-site Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The scientific work of the summer student will be focused on the investigation of liquid-gas separation in alcohol-water and alkane mixtures using novel membranes based on 2D nanoparticles by grazing incident wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) technique. Nowadays membrane processes gain major importance for numerous technological separation tasks including gas sweetening, desalination, bioethanol production, alcohol separation, etc. Promising membrane technologies include the utilization of 2D membranes with slit-like galleries operating with molecular sieving and capillary condensation mechanisms. The performance of these processes depends strongly on the interlayer spacing between semipermeable layers (typically 0,3-1,5 nm) which can be easily studied by GIWAXS technique. The membranes under investigation will consist of 2D hydrophilic (graphene oxide, MXenes) and hydrophobic (reduced graphene oxide, chemically modified GO, CdTe@oleic acid) layers. All kinds of samples will be prepared by spin-coating technique on the surface of anodic alumina membranes. The goal of this work will be to directly observe the liquid-gas separation as a function of vapour pressure using 2 chambers humidity/liquid cell in the in operando GIWAXS experiments. It is expected, that the knowledge of the interlayer distance in operando conditions will shed light on the permeation mechanism in 2D materials and will enable the further design of 2D membranes with enhanced separation efficiency and performance. Special Qualifications expected: Knowledge of general electrochemistry. Experience in electrochemical methods and impedance spectroscopy Experience in thin films deposition (with casting or coating techniques) and characterization Cancellation Policy: If due to the CoViD-19 pandemic the student can not be on-site, the project will be converted to a remote project. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A8r Title: Interferometric mirror tracking system DESY group: FS-PETRA (X-Ray Nanoscience and X-Ray Optics Group) Type: Tandem project (remote part) Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The project is to make a mirror tracking system based on interferometrically measured positions of the total external reflective mirror displacement. A piezo actuator will drive the mirror with a ~500Hz frequency. The optical interferometer has to collect the positions with MHz frame rate. The data is collected while the mirror is being moved and analyzed afterward. We are seeking two students to work in cooperation. The first student will be onsite working on the hardware part of the project. He/She needs to have a hands-on optical background and be responsible for assembling and testing the set-up. The second one will be offsite, working on the software part of the project. He/She also needs to have knowledge of optics and also to have experience in programming on C++/Python. Special Qualifications expected: programming experience with C++ and Python Cancellation Policy: In case on-site participation should be impossible, the remote part will still go forward. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A8s Title: Interferometric mirror tracking system DESY group: FS-PETRA (X-Ray Nanoscience and X-Ray Optics Group) Type: Tandem project (on-site part) Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The project is to make a mirror tracking system based on interferometrically measured positions of the total external reflective mirror displacement. A piezo actuator will drive the mirror with a ~500Hz frequency. The optical interferometer has to collect the positions with MHz frame rate. The data is collected while the mirror is being moved and analyzed afterward. We are seeking two students to work in cooperation. The first student will be onsite working on the hardware part of the project. He/She needs to have a hands-on optical background and be responsible for assembling and testing the set-up. The second one will be offsite, working on the software part of the project. He/She also needs to have knowledge of optics and also to have experience in programming on C++/Python. Special Qualifications expected: programming experience with C++ and Python Cancellation Policy: In case on-site participation should be impossible, the on-site part will be canceled. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A.8 Title: Interferometric mirror tracking system DESY group: FS-PETRA (X-Ray Nanoscience and X-Ray Optics Group) Type: Tandem project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The project is to make a mirror tracking system based on interferometrically measured positions of the total external reflective mirror displacement. A piezo actuator will drive the mirror with a ~500Hz frequency. The optical interferometer has to collect the positions with MHz frame rate. The data is collected while the mirror is being moved and analyzed afterward. We are seeking two students to work in cooperation. The first student will be onsite working on the hardware part of the project. He/She needs to have a hands-on optical background and be responsible for assembling and testing the set-up. The second one will be offsite, working on the software part of the project. He/She also needs to have knowledge of optics and also to have experience in programming on C++/Python. In case on-site participation should be impossible, the remote part will still go forward. Special Qualifications expected: programming experience with C++ and Python Link to further information: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: A9 Title: Optical setup for measuring thickness of liquid sheets DESY group: FS-CFEL-1 (Coherent Imaging Group) Type: On-site project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: Many powerful tools for studying biological systems, such as soft x-ray spectroscopy and single particle imaging, often require extremely thin samples due to strong absorption or background. This has been especially difficult for biological samples in liquid, as it is a challenge to have thin and free standing liquid films. We develop high-resolution 3D printed devices that generate sub-micrometer thin liquid sheets and we aim to eliminate their largest disadvantage – the sample consumption. This summer project is aimed at building an optical imaging setup with a goal to measure the thickness of the liquid sheets based on thin film interference effects. Light ray reflected from the surface of the film can interfere constructively (bright) or destructively (dark) with a ray reflected from the back of the film based on the film thickness. Additional thickness information can be inferred from the color when using white light. Furthermore, the work would involve 3D printing of the devices, collecting the data, and analyzing the pictures in python. Special Qualifications expected: optics, python (preferably) Link to further information: https://desycloud.desy.de/index.php/s/dXAMg2Qcf8Zi2wi Cancellation Policy: If the student cannot come to DESY due to the COVID situation, the project will get canceled. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B10 Title: POWHEG and PartonBranching TransverseMomentumDependent parton densities DESY group: CMS Type: Online project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: We will study the NLO Monte Carlo event generator POWHEG and merge the NLO calcuation with transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distriubtions and the TMD parton shower. We will compare these new calcualtions with recent measurements obtained at the LHC. Special Qualifications expected: - Learn about the principles of MC event generators and the physics behind. - Learn how to extract information from MC event generators - Basisc knowledge in computing, (Linux, C++) is of advantage, but we will give also an introduction so that everybody can contribute. Link to further information: https://www.desy.de/~jung ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B11r Title: Combined Z to two lepton and Higgs to four lepton distributions from CMS and ATLAS (Open) Data DESY group: CMS Type: Tandem: Online (Remote) part Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: Higgs to four lepton distributions from CMS Run I Open Data, and Z to two lepton distributions from both CMS and ATLAS Open Data were already studied in previous (summer student) projects. All relevant Higgs data from both Run 1 and Run 2 have already been published by both collaborations. ATLAS has recently released the full 2016 subset of their two- and four-lepton data for educational purposes, sufficiently detailed for the purpose of this project. CMS may soon significantly extend its full research grade Open Data sets, about doubling the available statistics. Producing combined two- and four-lepton distributions from CMS and ATLAS, adapting the already existing tools to all available Open Data statistics, will set benchmarks for potential common analysis of CMS and ATLAS Open Data. Special Qualifications expected: No previous knowledge necessary (learning on the job). Previous knowledge of ROOT, C++, linux as well as basic knowledge of particle and/or detector physics would be an advantage. Link to further information: https://www.desy.de/~geiser/Lehre/thesisprojects.html Cancellation policy: In case the on-site part is cancelled due to COVID pandemic restriction this online (remote) part of the project will still take place. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B11s Title: Combined Z to two lepton and Higgs to four lepton distributions from CMS and ATLAS (Open) Data DESY group: CMS Type: Tandem: On-site part Duration: 11th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: Higgs to four lepton distributions from CMS Run I Open Data, and Z to two lepton distributions from both CMS and ATLAS Open Data were already studied in previous (summer student) projects. All relevant Higgs data from both Run 1 and Run 2 have already been published by both collaborations. ATLAS has recently released the full 2016 subset of their two- and four-lepton data for educational purposes, sufficiently detailed for the purpose of this project. CMS may soon significantly extend its full research grade Open Data sets, about doubling the available statistics. Producing combined two- and four-lepton distributions from CMS and ATLAS, adapting the already existing tools to all available Open Data statistics, will set benchmarks for potential common analysis of CMS and ATLAS Open Data. Special Qualifications expected: No previous knowledge necessary (learning on the job). Previous knowledge of ROOT, C++, linux as well as basic knowledge of particle and/or detector physics would be an advantage. Link to further information: https://www.desy.de/~geiser/Lehre/thesisprojects.html Cancellation policy: This on-site part of the project may be cancelled any time due to COVID pandemic restrictions. It will not be transformed into an online project. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B12r Title: J/psi and D meson production in ZEUS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE (Open) Data DESY group: CMS Type: Tandem: Online (Remote) part Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The study of open and hidden charm production in ep and pp collisions is one of the means to understand Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) at the boundary of the perturbative and nonperturbative regimes. Both the ZEUS common ntuples and the CMS nanoAODplus ntuples contain muons from J/psi decays and charm mesons in similar formats which can straightforwardly be translated into each other. Doing such a translation allows a common analysis and direct comparison of the resulting distributions with the same analysis code. The first (simpler) goal is to prepare the tools to be able to read the ZEUS, CMS nad LHCb (possibly also ALICE) data with the same code, to use these tools to produce corresponding kinematic distributions, and to draw conclusions from their comparison at reconstruction level. The second (more ambitious) goal is to add simulations where available, derive corresponding cross sections, and discuss what one can learn from these concerning QCD. Special Qualifications expected: No previous knowledge necessary (learning on the job). Previous knowledge of ROOT, C++, linux as well as basic knowledge of particle and/or detector physics would be an advantage. Link to further information: https://www.desy.de/~geiser/Lehre/thesisprojects.html Cancellation policy: In case the on-site part is cancelled due to COVID pandemic restriction this online (remote) part of the project will still take place. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B12s Title: J/psi and D meson production in ZEUS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE (Open) Data DESY group: CMS Type: Tandem: On-site part Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The study of open and hidden charm production in ep and pp collisions is one of the means to understand Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) at the boundary of the perturbative and nonperturbative regimes. Both the ZEUS common ntuples and the CMS nanoAODplus ntuples contain muons from J/psi decays and charm mesons in similar formats which can straightforwardly be translated into each other. Doing such a translation allows a common analysis and direct comparison of the resulting distributions with the same analysis code. The first (simpler) goal is to prepare the tools to be able to read the ZEUS, CMS nad LHCb (possibly also ALICE) data with the same code, to use these tools to produce corresponding kinematic distributions, and to draw conclusions from their comparison at reconstruction level. The second (more ambitious) goal is to add simulations where available, derive corresponding cross sections, and discuss what one can learn from these concerning QCD. Special Qualifications expected: No previous knowledge necessary (learning on the job). Previous knowledge of ROOT, C++, linux as well as basic knowledge of particle and/or detector physics would be an advantage. Link to further information: https://www.desy.de/~geiser/Lehre/thesisprojects.html Cancellation policy: This on-site part of the project may be cancelled any time due to COVID pandemic restrictions. It will not be transformed into an online project. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B13r Title: Sensitivity studies of different observables to new physics in electroweak quartic gauge couplings at future lepton collider analyses DESY group: Theory Type: Tandem project: Online (Remote) part Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 (also 8th august - 10th sep 2021 possible) Description: Effective Field Theories (EFT) play a crucial role in systematic approach to scrutinize new physics (NP) beyond the Standard Model (SM). The Standard Model Effective Theory (SMEFT) allows us to model deviations to the quartic gauge couplings within the Standard Model at dimension-eight as genuine anomalous quartic gauge coupling (aQGC). We aim to assess the sensitivity of different observables to new physics in electroweak quartic gauge couplings at future lepton colliders, and explore options to improve cut and selection prescriptions for future lepton collider analyses. During the project, we will utilize MadMiner, which provides a Python-based machine learning framework for inference in particle physics, to infer the full parameter dependence on the event outcome and perform the respective statistical analysis. Especially, we aim to extend MadMiner to use events generated by the Monte Carlo event generator WHIZARD, which is well-suited for lepton collider simulations. Finally, we want to infer the full distribution of the sensitivity to the EFT-parameters over the complete phase space for different observables from Monte Carlo samplings. With those results, we can then analyze the unitarity-violating aspects of the higher-dimensional operators of SMEFT on the different observables. Special Qualifications expected: Python and Shell scripting; basic knowledge about programming (i.e. with Fortran) and machine-learning Link to further information: https://whizard.hepforge.org Cancellation policy: In case the on-site part is cancelled due to COVID pandemic restriction this online (remote) part of the project will still take place. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B13s Title: Sensitivity studies of different observables to new physics in electroweak quartic gauge couplings at future lepton collider analyses DESY group: Theory Type: Tandem project: On-site part Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 (also 8th august - 10th sep 2021 possible) Description: Effective Field Theories (EFT) play a crucial role in systematic approach to scrutinize new physics (NP) beyond the Standard Model (SM). The Standard Model Effective Theory (SMEFT) allows us to model deviations to the quartic gauge couplings within the Standard Model at dimension-eight as genuine anomalous quartic gauge coupling (aQGC). We aim to assess the sensitivity of different observables to new physics in electroweak quartic gauge couplings at future lepton colliders, and explore options to improve cut and selection prescriptions for future lepton collider analyses. During the project, we will utilize MadMiner, which provides a Python-based machine learning framework for inference in particle physics, to infer the full parameter dependence on the event outcome and perform the respective statistical analysis. Especially, we aim to extend MadMiner to use events generated by the Monte Carlo event generator WHIZARD, which is well-suited for lepton collider simulations. Finally, we want to infer the full distribution of the sensitivity to the EFT-parameters over the complete phase space for different observables from Monte Carlo samplings. With those results, we can then analyze the unitarity-violating aspects of the higher-dimensional operators of SMEFT on the different observables. Special Qualifications expected: Python and Shell scripting; basic knowledge about programming (i.e. with Fortran) and machine-learning Link to further information: https://whizard.hepforge.org Cancellation policy: This on-site part of the project may be cancelled any time due to COVID pandemic restrictions. It will not be transformed into an online project. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B14 Title: Analysing transfer and telemetry data collected at dCache installations at DESY DESY group: IT Type: Online project Duration: 19th July - 27th Aug 2021 Description: This summer-student project would focus on analysing transfer and telemetry data collected at all dCache installations at DESY. The dCache storage system is a distributed storage system designed for high throughput data transfers and to be easy horizontal scaling. Overall about 100PiB of scientific data are stored on the different installations serving all scientific communities on site and many users off-site. We collect about 20 million data transfer operations each day and need to combine these with the telemetry data collected on the storage nodes themselves to get the complete status of the installations. The candidates would have access to these and their task would be to learn and apply data analytics including Machine Learning to the problem. The system in place uses state of the art industry software such as Apache Kafka, Apache Spark as well as the Elastic tool kit. Access to these applications would be done through Jupyter Notebooks. Special Qualifications expected: General Python knowledge, experience with Jupyter Notebooks and visualisation of data in Python are of advantage Link to further information: https://confluence.desy.de/display/SCPublic/Summer+Students+2021 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B15r Title: Evaluation of the power of "dark photon" searches at the ILC DESY group: FTX/SLB Type: Tandem Team project: Online (Remote) part Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: FIPS (Feebly Interacting ParticleS) are proposed entities that can explain dark matter and the non-observation of such states at accelerators: The reason they have not yet been seen is rather than that they are too massive (the explanation of non-observation of SUSY), they are too feebly interacting to have been observed at LHC or LEP. Future e+e- machines opens up new ways to search for such states: while still having the same low-background conditions and known initial state as at LEP, the future machines will feature 1000 times higher luminosities compared to LEP. The project intends to make a study of the "dark photon" flavour of FIPS at the ILC. In this scenario, the dark photon does decay into SM particles, notably to muon pairs. The signal to search for is thus a very small, but very narrow, peak in the the di-muon spectrum. There is, however, no a priori position of the peak. The project would contain one part which is the estimate of the background rates. This part requires full detector simulation, and would be the task of the on-site student. The other part would be the generation of the signal, and fast detector simulation of it. This can be the task of the remote student. The two students would work together to combine the two and derive the discovery/exclusion potential of ILC for such a scenario. Special Qualifications expected: C++ knowledge is essential. Basic understanding of statistics and probability theory is needed. For the remote student, knowledge of modern Fortran (at least F03) would be useful. Pre-knowledge of root is also useful for both of them. Link to further information: http://flc.desy.de/ (hopefully replaced by ftx.desy.de very soon) Cancellation policy: In case the on-site part is cancelled due to COVID pandemic restriction this online (remote) part of the project will still take place. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B15s Title: Evaluation of the power of "dark photon" searches at the ILC DESY group: FTX/SLB Type: Tandem Team project: On-site part Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: FIPS (Feebly Interacting ParticleS) are proposed entities that can explain dark matter and the non-observation of such states at accelerators: The reason they have not yet been seen is rather than that they are too massive (the explanation of non-observation of SUSY), they are too feebly interacting to have been observed at LHC or LEP. Future e+e- machines opens up new ways to search for such states: while still having the same low-background conditions and known initial state as at LEP, the future machines will feature 1000 times higher luminosities compared to LEP. The project intends to make a study of the "dark photon" flavour of FIPS at the ILC. In this scenario, the dark photon does decay into SM particles, notably to muon pairs. The signal to search for is thus a very small, but very narrow, peak in the the di-muon spectrum. There is, however, no a priori position of the peak. The project would contain one part which is the estimate of the background rates. This part requires full detector simulation, and would be the task of the on-site student. The other part would be the generation of the signal, and fast detector simulation of it. This can be the task of the remote student. The two students would work together to combine the two and derive the discovery/exclusion potential of ILC for such a scenario. Special Qualifications expected: C++ knowledge is essential. Basic understanding of statistics and probability theory is needed. For the remote student, knowledge of modern Fortran (at least F03) would be useful. Pre-knowledge of root is also useful for both of them. Cancellation policy: This on-site part of the project may be cancelled any time due to COVID pandemic restrictions. It will not be transformed into an online project. Link to further information: http://flc.desy.de/ (hopefully replaced by ftx.desy.de very soon) Cancellation policy: This on-site part of the project may be cancelled any time due to COVID pandemic restrictions. It will not be transformed into an online project. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B16r Title: Physics validation in the Key4HEP common software framework for future colliders DESY group: FTX Type: Tandem: Online (Remote) part Duration: 6 - 7 weeks, 27th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The FTX Software (SFT) group is very actively involved in the Key4HEP project, which aims to develop common software for future collider projects. The group is currently involved in the development of a new and common event data model (EDM) at the core of the common software stack. An important aspect of these efforts is the physics validation and testing of this EDM and the whole software stack. The project would entail the development and implementation of test and benchmark cases for the EDM and the Key4HEP software stack. Depending on the interests of the students these efforts would focus on investigating potentially interesting physics channels and/or in developing the necessary validation tools. While the former part can be done remotely, the latter part could greatly benefit from on-site supervision. In the end the two students would collaborate among each other as well as with the Key4HEP community to integrate their resulting work into the project. Special Qualifications expected: Programming knowledge in either C++ or python is essential. Ideally first experiences with ROOT and/or python statistics libraries (scipy, numpy, pandas, ...), but not strictly necessary. Basic statistics and particle physics knowledge. Link to further information: - https://indico.cern.ch/event/934666/contributions/4154229/attachments/2168411/3660367/key4hep_epiphany2021_cracow.pdf Cancellation policy: In case the on-site part is cancelled due to COVID pandemic restriction this online (remote) part of the project will still take place. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B16s Title: Physics validation in the Key4HEP common software framework for future colliders DESY group: FTX Type: Tandem: On-site part Duration: 6 - 7 weeks, 27th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The FTX Software (SFT) group is very actively involved in the Key4HEP project, which aims to develop common software for future collider projects. The group is currently involved in the development of a new and common event data model (EDM) at the core of the common software stack. An important aspect of these efforts is the physics validation and testing of this EDM and the whole software stack. The project would entail the development and implementation of test and benchmark cases for the EDM and the Key4HEP software stack. Depending on the interests of the students these efforts would focus on investigating potentially interesting physics channels and/or in developing the necessary validation tools. While the former part can be done remotely, the latter part could greatly benefit from on-site supervision. In the end the two students would collaborate among each other as well as with the Key4HEP community to integrate their resulting work into the project. Special Qualifications expected: Programming knowledge in either C++ or python is essential. Ideally first experiences with ROOT and/or python statistics libraries (scipy, numpy, pandas, ...), but not strictly necessary. Basic statistics and particle physics knowledge. Link to further information: - https://indico.cern.ch/event/934666/contributions/4154229/attachments/2168411/3660367/key4hep_epiphany2021_cracow.pdf Cancellation policy: This on-site part of the project may be cancelled any time due to COVID pandemic restrictions. It will not be transformed into an online project. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B16rem Title: Physics validation in the Key4HEP common software framework for future colliders DESY group: FTX Type: Tandem: Online (Remote) part Duration: 6 - 7 weeks, 27th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The FTX Software (SFT) group is very actively involved in the Key4HEP project, which aims to develop common software for future collider projects. The group is currently involved in the development of a new and common event data model (EDM) at the core of the common software stack. An important aspect of these efforts is the physics validation and testing of this EDM and the whole software stack. The project would entail the development and implementation of test and benchmark cases for the EDM and the Key4HEP software stack. Depending on the interests of the students these efforts would focus on investigating potentially interesting physics channels and/or in developing the necessary validation tools. While the former part can be done remotely, the latter part could greatly benefit from on-site supervision. In the end the two students would collaborate among each other as well as with the Key4HEP community to integrate their resulting work into the project. Special Qualifications expected: Programming knowledge in either C++ or python is essential. Ideally first experiences with ROOT and/or python statistics libraries (scipy, numpy, pandas, ...), but not strictly necessary. Basic statistics and particle physics knowledge. Link to further information: - https://indico.cern.ch/event/934666/contributions/4154229/attachments/2168411/3660367/key4hep_epiphany2021_cracow.pdf Cancellation policy: In case the on-site part is cancelled due to COVID pandemic restriction this online (remote) part of the project will still take place. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B17r Title: CMS HGCAL upgrade: testing new hardware prototypes DESY group: FTX Type: Tandem: On-site part Duration: 6 - 7 weeks, 27th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The on-site student will help in setting up the tests and testing new hardware prototypes for the SiPM-on-Tile scintillator part of the CMS HGCAL calorimeter upgrade. This will be done in the lab. Both students together will analyse the data. Special Qualifications expected: Interest in detector technologies. Prior experience with electronics would be a bonus. Cancellation policy: In case the on-site part is cancelled due to COVID pandemic restriction this online (remote) part of the project will still take place. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B17s Title: CMS HGCAL upgrade: testing new hardware prototypes DESY group: FTX Type: Tandem: On-site part Duration: 6 - 7 weeks, 27th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The on-site student will help in setting up the tests and testing new hardware prototypes for the SiPM-on-Tile scintillator part of the CMS HGCAL calorimeter upgrade. This will be done in the lab. Both students together will analyse the data. Special Qualifications expected: Interest in detector technologies. Prior experience with electronics would be a bonus. Cancellation policy: This on-site part of the project may be cancelled any time due to COVID pandemic restrictions. It will not be transformed into an online project. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B18 Title: FLASHForward - investigating the stability of a plasma wakefield accelerator DESY group: FLASHForward Type: Online project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: High electric fields in excited plasma wakes make them an attractive medium for electron bunch acceleration with broad applicability to industry, medicine, as well as research facilities such as particle colliders and free-electron lasers. The FLASHForward experiment is an electron-beam-driven plasma-wakefield accelerator, the purpose of which it is to study the beam-plasma interaction as a means to control the acceleration process. A crucial parameter for optimised and efficient acceleration is the stability and reproducibility of the system. In this project the sensitivity of the acceleration process to various experimental parameters will be investigated by setting up realistic beam-tracking and particle-in-cell simulations. The final goal of the project will be to test the efficacy of the simulation packages by comparing their results to experimental data from FLASHForward. Special Qualifications expected: ideally python or C++ scripting ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B19r Title: Programming control modules for manipulation and diagnostic of beams at FLASH DESY group: MPY, MFL Type: Tandem: Online (Remote) part Duration: 6-8 weeks during 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: FLASH, the Free electron LASer in Hamburg, is the world's first short-wavelength free-electron laser (FEL) facility, which started user operation in 2005. It remains the only high repetition rate free-electron laser in the XUV/soft X-ray regime worldwide. Within the FLASH2020+ upgrade plans, the primary arm, FLASH1, will be modified to accommodate the first externally seeded beamline with repetition rates of up to 1 MHz in burst mode. For the setup and operation of new lasing and accelerator schemes, a versatile set of reliable tools is of great benefit. The students will work on flexible modules within the available firmware structure at DESY that align the laser and/or electron beam by communicating with various motors, optomechanics and magnets. The complexity of the project will depend on the skills and availability of the students. Special Qualifications expected: Good knowledge of fundamental physics especially E&M, Optics and radiation; Some basic programming skills is essential; Experience with python or desire to learn python during the project; Past experience with instrumentation is a plus; Experience with optomechanics and motorised stages can be very beneficial. Link to further information: https://flash.desy.de/flash_upgrades/ Cancellation policy: In case the on-site part is cancelled due to COVID pandemic restriction this online (remote) part of the project will still take place. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B19s Title: Programming control modules for manipulation and diagnostic of beams at FLASH DESY group: MPY, MFL Type: Tandem: On-site part Duration: 6-8 weeks during 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: FLASH, the Free electron LASer in Hamburg, is the world's first short-wavelength free-electron laser (FEL) facility, which started user operation in 2005. It remains the only high repetition rate free-electron laser in the XUV/soft X-ray regime worldwide. Within the FLASH2020+ upgrade plans, the primary arm, FLASH1, will be modified to accommodate the first externally seeded beamline with repetition rates of up to 1 MHz in burst mode. For the setup and operation of new lasing and accelerator schemes, a versatile set of reliable tools is of great benefit. The students will work on flexible modules within the available firmware structure at DESY that align the laser and/or electron beam by communicating with various motors, optomechanics and magnets. The complexity of the project will depend on the skills and availability of the students. Special Qualifications expected: Good knowledge of fundamental physics especially E&M, Optics and radiation; Some basic programming skills is essential; Experience with python or desire to learn python during the project; Past experience with instrumentation is a plus; Experience with optomechanics and motorised stages can be very beneficial. Link to further information: https://flash.desy.de/flash_upgrades/ Cancellation policy: This on-site part of the project may be cancelled any time due to COVID pandemic restrictions. It will not be transformed into an online project. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B1 Title: Analysis of four-top-quark production with ATLAS data DESY group: ATLAS Type: Online project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The data collected at the Large Hadron collider enables tests of the Standard Model with unprecedented precision and searches for new particles, such as candidates for dark matter or heavy resonances, even in rare and complex final states. The top quark is the heaviest particle known to date and is among the most central objects to collider physics today: top quarks are omnipresent in collider searches both as background and as signal. The top quark Yukawa coupling being close to unity makes top quarks the most interesting objects in many scenarios for physics beyond the Standard model and provides an excellent opportunity for understanding the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking. Recently, the ATLAS experiment has published the first evidence for the production of four top quarks. Searches in the four top quark final state have significant discovery potential for new particles which interact strongly to the top sector, such as resonances predicted in Randall-Sundrum models with warped extra dimensions. The student will analyse four top quark signal models and develop new reconstruction algorithms to improve the signal acceptance. Background processes which can mimic a four-top signal and need to be estimated using widely employed techniques. Hence, the student will gain a broad experience in the methods used in LHC searches and the underlying physics. Special Qualifications expected: Existing knowledge of Linux/UNIX, Shell, python and C++ is highly preferable. Link to further information: https://atlas.cern/updates/briefing/evidence-four-top-quark-production http://me.pgadow.de https://www.desy.de/about_desy/lead_scientists/krisztian_peters/index_eng.html ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B20 Title: Exploring muon vs. pion Identification at Belle II using Machine Learning and CsI(Tl) Pulse Shape Discrimination DESY group: Belle II Type: Online project Duration: 19 Jul - 10 Sep 2021 Description: The Belle II experiment located at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider in Japan is the first high energy collider experiment to implement CsI(Tl) pulse shape discrimination as a new method for calorimeter-based particle identification. This technique uses the particle-dependent scintillation emission of the CsI(Tl) crystals in the electromagnetic calorimeter to identify particles which interact via the strong nuclear force. Using data collected by Belle II, this project combines machine learning with the new calorimeter information provided by CsI(Tl) pulse shape discrimination to explore the potential for separating ionizing pions and muons. The successful realization of this novel approach to ionizing pion vs. muon identification would have far reaching impact in numerous Belle II analyses. Special Qualifications expected: Prior experience with python scripting and machine learning will be beneficial as well as experience working in a linux computing environment. Link to further information: ... --> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2020.164562 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B2 Title: Software development for production of the ATLAS inner tracker DESY group: ATLAS Type: Online project Duration: 6 weeks during 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) is the new foreseen all-silicon tracking detector for the ATLAS experiment at the High-Luminosity LHC starting in 2026. During the production, a large number of different detector components ranging from sensors over modules to populated detector structures will be built and tested by the worldwide distributed production sites. At DESY, apart from several detector components, one complete end-cap for the ITk strips detector will be assembled. The student will contribute in the development of software necessary for the different production steps, involving remote-control of machines and control instruments or automated measurement routines. Special Qualifications expected: Python programming, Git versioning ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B3 Title: Testbeam analysis of silicon strip detector prototypes for the ATLAS Inner Tracker DESY group: ATLAS Type: Online project Duration: 6 weeks during 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: High-energy particle testbeams such as provided by the DESY II testbeam are a vital tool for the development of novel sensor technologies as well as the test of prototype detector components. Measurements of different detector prototypes of silicon strip sensor modules foreseen for the new ATLAS Inner Tracker will be used to determine their performance, e.g. in terms of hit detection efficiency. The student will work on the testbeam reconstruction using the Corryvreckan software framework and contribute to the data analysis pursued in the collaboration. Special Qualifications expected: C++ programming, ideally experience with Root; Git versioning ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B4 Title: Testing new CMOS pixel sensors for particle detection experiments with simulations DESY group: ATLAS Type: Online project Duration: 2 Aug - 10 Sep 2021 Description: Monolithic CMOS sensors have found their way through imaging technologies into High Energy Physics thanks to its multiple advantages in particledetection. Their main characteristic is the integration of the sensor and the readout in a single chip, which provides a reduction in productioneffort, costs and material. As part of the next generation of silicon pixel sensors that are usually employed as tracker and vertex detectors in HighEnergy Physics experiments, a new process for CMOS sensors is being investigated at DESY. Device simulations (TCAD) are needed to develop theunderstanding of this technology and to give an important insight into performance parameters of the sensor, which will be tested in experimentslater on. The summer student will experience first-hand the development of new particle detectors, be trained in TCAD simulations and eventually be able to contribute to this project. Special Qualifications expected: Basic knowledge on silicon detectors and notions on programming. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B5 Title: Analysis of production and decay of the Higgs boson with CMS data DESY group: CMS Type: Online project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: In the year 2012 the Higgs boson was discovered, whose most prominent decay mode is the decay into a pair of b quarks. Our group is centrally involved in the analysis of this Higgs boson decay, in the topology where the Higgs boson is produced in association with a vector boson. The analysis is performed with the full dataset of the CMS experiment recorded in the Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Machine learning techniques are important to achieve the highest sensitivity. The student will be involved in the detailed analysis work for this decay channel, which also includes follow-up studies and preparations of the Run 3 analysis. Special Qualifications expected: C++ programming, ideally experience with Root; ideally also Python scripting and some first experience with machine learning ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B6 Title: Analysis of boosted top quarks with CMS data using machine learning techniques DESY group: CMS Type: Online project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: Tagging leptonically decaying boosted top quarks have not been much explored using jet image based techniques, as of yet. We would like to investigate the the use of Machine Learning techniques (like CNN and BDT) to tag leptonically decaying boosted top quarks in CMS. In addition, we also want to explore the use of such techniques to differentiate between left and right polarized top quarks. This can have very interesting implications for a variety of new physics models which can show up as deviations from the polarization expected from Standard Model processes. Special Qualifications expected: C++ and Python programming, ideally experience with Root; ideally some first experience with machine learning Link to further information: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11778 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B7 Title: Investigation of machine learning techniques to uncover the Higgs CP nature in CMS DESY group: CMS Type: Online project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: The project consists in estimating the effect brought by the implementation of Machine Learning (ML) to one of the frontier analyses in High Energy Physics (HEP). In particular, following the main line of the recently published "Analysis of the CP structure of the Yukawa coupling between the Higgs boson and tau leptons" performed with the CMS experiment, the student will measure the effect ML techniques have on the sensitivity to the Higgs boson CP structure. ML is heavily used in the analysis to categorise signal events from the background ones, which makes it a perfect playground for the student to get acquainted with this topic. By comparing cut-based approach to a range of ML-based ones (Neural Networks, Boosted Decision Trees, linear models, etc.) in terms of their performance, the student will obtain a general overview of several ML techniques and will be able to carry such knowledge into their future studies. Special Qualifications expected: - Good level of programming in C++, Python and usage of the ROOT framework (required) - Basic knowledge of the Unix environment, at least for what concerns working from terminal (required) - Prior knowledge in ML tools like Scikit-learn, LightGBM/XGBoost, TensorFlow/Keras, PyTorch (beneficial, but not required) Link to further information: https://inspirehep.net/literature/1809624 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B8 Title: New QCD predictions for ep deep inelastic scattering and comparison with measurements DESY group: CMS Type: Online project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: Investigation of ep measurments in the QCD field and comparison with theoretical predictions. We will start with measurements from HERA experiments and implement the measurements into computer codes (Rivet) for comparsion with Monte Carlo (MC) event generators. We will learn, how MC generators work and will study different features in detail. Special Qualifications expected: - Learn about the principles of MC event generators and the physics behind. - Learn how to extract information from MC event generators - Basisc knowledge in computing, (Linux, C++) is of advantage, but we will give also an introduction so that everybody can contribute. Link to further information: https://www.desy.de/~jung ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: B9 Title: MC4TMD - determiantion of Transverse Momentum Dependent parton densities with Monte Carlo event generators DESY group: CMS Type: Online project Duration: 19th july - 10th sep 2021 Description: We will study Monte Carlo event generators and calculate transverse momentum distributions for the interacting partons after initial and final state parton shower, and provide them in form of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribtions. We will use Pythia and Herwig (and perhpas Sherpa) MC event generators. Special Qualifications expected: - Learn about the principles of MC event generators and the physics behind. - Learn how to extract information from MC event generators - Basisc knowledge in computing, (Linux, C++) is of advantage, but we will give also an introduction so that everybody can contribute. Link to further information: https://www.desy.de/~jung ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Offered projects: B1: Analysis of four-top-quark production with ATLAS data
B2: Software development for production of the ATLAS inner tracker
B3: Investigating ATLAS inner tracking detector prototypes with data taken at DESY II testbed
B4: Testing new CMOS pixel sensors for particle detection experiments with simulations
B5: Analysis of production and decay of the Higgs boson with CMS data
B6: Analysis of boosted top quarks with CMS data using machine learning techniques
B7: Investigation of machine learning techniques to uncover the Higgs CP nature in CMS
B8: New QCD predictions for ep deep inelastic scattering and comparison with measurements
B9: MC4TMD - determination of Transverse Momentum Dependent parton densities with
B10: POWHEG and PartonBranching TransverseMomentumDependent parton densities
B11r (Remote): Combined Z to two lepton and Higgs to four lepton distributions from CMS and ATLAS (Open) Data B11s (On-site): Combined Z to two lepton and Higgs to four lepton distributions from CMS and ATLAS (Open) Data
B12r (Remote): J/psi and D meson production in ZEUS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE (Open) B12s (On-site): J/psi and D meson production in ZEUS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE (Open)
B13r (Remote): Sensitivity studies of different observables to new physics in electroweak quartic gauge couplings at future lepton collider analyses B13s (On-site): Sensitivity studies of different observables to new physics in electroweak quartic gauge couplings at future lepton collider analyses
B14: Analysing transfer and telemetry data collected at dCache installations at DESY
B15 (Remote): Evaluation of the power of "dark photon" searches at the ILC B15 (On-site): Evaluation of the power of "dark photon" searches at the ILC
B16 (Remote): Physics validation in the Key4HEP common software framework for future colliders B16 (On-site): Physics validation in the Key4HEP common software framework for future colliders
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: Z1 Title: Neutrino-oscillation measurements with IceCube DESY group: IceCube Type: Online project Duration: 19th July - 10th Sep 2021 Description: The IceCube DeepCore experiment is responsible for the World's most precise measurements of atmospheric neutrino oscillations, a quantum mechanical phenomenon that emerges due to differences in neutrino masses. Our measurement of this process is unique in that we observe it at higher energies than contemporary experiments. Our data is therefore of great value to the global community, and we aim to make it readily available for global analyses. In this project, students will prepare the data for a public release that was used in the most recent analysis of neutrino oscillations, and validate it by reproducing the results. Special Qualifications expected: - experience with linux (or similar) operating system - knowledge of python Link to further information: https://astro.desy.de/neutrino_astronomy/icecube/index_eng.html ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: Z2 Title: Quantum mechanics on a discrete time lattice DESY group: Zeuthen Particle Physics Theory Type: Online project Duration: 19th July - 10th Sep 2021 Description: In the project, an introduction to the Feynman’s pathintegral approach to quantum mechanics will be obtained. In particular, the harmonic oscillator should be worked out on a discrete time lattice. After a rotation to Euclidean time, the system shall be investigated through a Monte Carlo simulation. Therefore, in the project the pathintegral formulation, the lattice discretization, Monte Carlo simulations and error analysis will be learned. The project will follow closely the article by Creutz and Freedman https://www.zeuthen.desy.de/~kjansen/lattice/qcd/miscellaneous/CreutzFreedman.pdf Special Qualifications expected: basic knowledge in quantum mechanics, mastering of a programming language, e.g. Python, Julia, C, matlab ... ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: Z3 Title: Time-domain astronomy with the HESS gamma-ray telescopes DESY group: HESS Type: Online project Duration: 19th July - 10th Sep 2021 Description: Time-domain astronomy is a very dynamic field in contemporary astrophysics and investigates phenomena such as fast radio bursts, gamma-ray bursts, novae or tidal disruption events on timescales from milliseconds to months. The study of these objects requires observations with telescopes across the electromagnetic spectrum or with even alternate messengers like neutrinos and gravitational waves. However, estimating the capabilities of different instruments to follow-up specific astrophysical sources requires a tool to predict the sensitivity of telescopes on diverse timescales. The aim of this summer student project is the development of such a tool for the gamma-ray regime and application to a to-be-defined science case. Special Qualifications expected: Experience in shell and python programming is advantageous. Link to further information: ... --> here you could add a link to a webpage (e.g. on your homepage) where you can have a more detailed description, whatever you like, also with pictures. If not then just skip/delete this part. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: Z4 Title: Binary observations with the CTA gamma-ray observatory. DESY group: VERITAS / CTA Type: Online project Duration: 19th July - 10th Sep 2021 Description: CTA is the next-generation gamma-ray astronomy observatory currently constructed on the Island of La Palma and in the Atacama Desert in Chile. The summer student will study the sensitivity if CTA to high-energy emission from binary systems consistent of a compact object (neutron star or black hole) and a massive star. The project will imply Monte Carlo simulations and modern data analysis methods taking into account sources properties and the characteristics of the CTA observatory. Special Qualifications expected: Knowledge in data analysis and python or C++ programming ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Project: Z5 Title: Machine learning tool for ASTRA results analysis DESY group: Pitz Type: Online project Duration: 19th July - 10th Sep 2021 Description: Develop and demonstrate a software tool using machine learning to approximate and predict beam properties of ASTRA simulation results. Beam dynamics of space charge dominated beams in photo injectors is very limited in analytic solutions and requires time consuming simulations using macroparticle tracking algorithms, like ASTRA code. Machine learning algorithms allow prediction of results from input parameters without exact knowledge on the model. Using machine learning, many points in the ASTRA parameter space could be studied without running long time simulations for every setup. The summer student will develop and demonstrate a software tool using machine learning to approximate and predict particle beam properties of ASTRA simulation results. Special Qualifications expected: Knowledge on accelerator physics and programming skills in Python programming language are highly desirable. Link to further information: https://pitz.desy.de/ https://www.desy.de/~mpyflo/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------